{"id":2963,"date":"2023-04-03T16:18:37","date_gmt":"2023-04-03T13:18:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fundomundo.com\/kesfet\/?p=2963"},"modified":"2023-04-03T16:18:38","modified_gmt":"2023-04-03T13:18:38","slug":"ulkemizin-egitim-sistemindeki-degisiklikler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fundomundo.com\/kesfet\/ulkemizin-egitim-sistemindeki-degisiklikler","title":{"rendered":"\u00dclkemizin E\u011fitim Sistemindeki De\u011fi\u015fiklikler"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Fundomundo<\/a>\u2019nun bu \u00f6zel yaz\u0131s\u0131 T\u00fcrk E\u011fitim Sistemindeki de\u011fi\u015fiklere de\u011finiyor. Uzman e\u011fitmenlerin haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 okula destek<\/a> ve bire bir dersler<\/a>i incelemeyi unutmay\u0131n. Haz\u0131rsan\u0131z, sistemde neler oldu\u011funu incelemeye ba\u015fl\u0131yoruz!\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki E\u011fitim Sistemi Nas\u0131ld\u0131r?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de e\u011fitim, devletin temel i\u015flevlerinden birisi olup devletin denetimi ve g\u00f6zetimi alt\u0131nda yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Mill\u00ee E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 merkez \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc, ta\u015fra \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc ve yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc bi\u00e7iminde yap\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk milli e\u011fitim sistemi, \u00f6rg\u00fcn e\u011fitim ve yayg\u0131n e\u011fitim olmak \u00fczere iki ana b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fur. \u00d6rg\u00fcn e\u011fitim, belirli ya\u015f grubundaki ve ayn\u0131 seviyedeki bireylere, amaca g\u00f6re haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f programlarla okul \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda yap\u0131lan d\u00fczenli e\u011fitimdir. \u00d6rg\u00fcn e\u011fitim, okul \u00f6ncesi e\u011fitimi, ilk\u00f6\u011fretim, orta\u00f6\u011fretim ve y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131 kapsar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  • Okul \u00d6ncesi E\u011fitim: <\/strong> \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n bedensel, zihinsel ve duygusal geli\u015fimini destekleyerek olumlu davran\u0131\u015flar kazanmalar\u0131n\u0131, ilk\u00f6\u011fretime haz\u0131r h\u00e2le gelmelerini, ko\u015fullar\u0131 yetersiz \u00e7evrelerden gelen \u00e7ocuklar i\u00e7in ortak bir yeti\u015fme ortam\u0131 yarat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019nin g\u00fczel ve do\u011fru konu\u015fulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamakt\u0131r.<\/li>
  • \u0130lk\u00f6\u011fretim: <\/strong>\u0130lk\u00f6\u011fretimin temel amac\u0131, her \u00e7ocu\u011fun iyi birer yurtta\u015f olabilmesi i\u00e7in gerekli olan temel bilgi, beceri, davran\u0131\u015f ve al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131k kazanmas\u0131n\u0131, mill\u00ee ahl\u00e2k ve anlay\u0131\u015fa g\u00f6re yeti\u015fmesini sa\u011flamak; ilgi ve yetenekleri do\u011frultusunda hayata ve bir \u00fcst \u00f6\u011frenim basama\u011f\u0131na haz\u0131rlamakt\u0131r. \u0130lk\u00f6\u011fretim k\u0131z ve erkek t\u00fcm \u00e7ocuklar i\u00e7in zorunludur ve paras\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/li>
  • Orta\u00f6\u011fretim: <\/strong>Orta\u00f6\u011fretimin amac\u0131, \u00f6\u011frencilere asgar\u00ee ortak bir genel k\u00fclt\u00fcr vermek, birey ve toplum sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131tmak ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131 aramak; \u00fclkenin sosyal, ekonomik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel kalk\u0131nmas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunma bilincini kazand\u0131rarak \u00f6\u011frencileri ilgi ve yetenekleri do\u011frultusunda y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretime ve meslek\u00ee niteliklere haz\u0131rlamakt\u0131r.<\/li>
  • Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim: <\/strong>Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim, bireyleri, ilgileri, yetenekleri ve toplumun ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu do\u011frultuda y\u00fcksek nitelikli insan g\u00fcc\u00fc olarak yeti\u015ftirmeyi ama\u00e7lar. Toplumun ve bireylerin refah\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan ya da kamuoyunu ayd\u0131nlatan bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapmak ve bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131nlamak da yine \u00fcniversitelerin ama\u00e7lar\u0131 aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim, orta\u00f6\u011fretime dayal\u0131 en az 2 y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00f6\u011frenim veren, y\u00fcksek nitelikli insan g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn olu\u015fturulmas\u0131n\u0131 ama\u00e7 edinmi\u015f, ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yoluyla bilim ve teknolojinin \u00fcretildi\u011fi akademik nitelikli \u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131d\u0131r.\u00dcniversiteler, fak\u00fclteler, enstit\u00fcler, y\u00fcksekokullar, meslek y\u00fcksek okullar\u0131, konservatuarlar, uygulama ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma merkezleri y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Yayg\u0131n e\u011fitim, \u00f6rg\u00fcn e\u011fitim sistemine hi\u00e7 girmemi\u015f, herhangi bir kademesinde bulunan veya bu kademelerden birinden ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan bireylere ilgi ve gereksinme duyduklar\u0131 alanda \u00f6rg\u00fcn e\u011fitim yan\u0131nda veya d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen e\u011fitim faaliyetlerinin t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kapsar. Yayg\u0131n e\u011fitim; halk e\u011fitimi, \u00e7\u0131rakl\u0131k e\u011fitimi ve uzaktan e\u011fitim yoluyla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmektedir. Yayg\u0131n e\u011fitim, \u00f6rg\u00fcn e\u011fitim yan\u0131nda veya d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen e\u011fitim faaliyetlerinin t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kapsar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Halk e\u011fitim merkezleri, \u00e7\u0131rakl\u0131k e\u011fitimi merkezleri, meslek\u00ee e\u011fitim merkezi, yeti\u015fkinler i\u00e7in teknik e\u011fitim merkezleri, \u00f6zel kurslar, \u00f6zel dershaneler, e\u011fitim ve uygulama okullar\u0131, meslek okullar\u0131, meslek\u00ee e\u011fitim merkezleri, bilim ve sanat merkezleri, a\u00e7\u0131k ilk\u00f6\u011fretim okulu, a\u00e7\u0131k \u00f6\u011fretim lisesi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    E\u011fitim Sistemine Yap\u0131lan De\u011fi\u015fiklikler Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    T\u00fcrk e\u011fitim sistemi 12 y\u0131ll\u0131k zorunlu kademeli e\u011fitim olarak \u00fc\u00e7 kademeye ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Birinci kademe d\u00f6rt y\u0131l s\u00fcreli ilkokul (1. 2. 3. ve 4. s\u0131n\u0131f), ikinci kademe d\u00f6rt y\u0131l s\u00fcreli ortaokul  (5. 6. 7. ve 8. s\u0131n\u0131f) ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc kademe d\u00f6rt y\u0131l s\u00fcreli lise (9. 10. 11. ve 12. s\u0131n\u0131f) olarak d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Liselerde E\u011fitim S\u00fcresi 4 Y\u0131la \u00c7\u0131kt\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    20 \u015eubat 2012\u2019de \u201c\u0130lk\u00f6\u011fretim ve E\u011fitim Kanunu ile Baz\u0131 Kanunlarda De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Kanun Teklifi\u201d TBMM Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na sunulmu\u015f ve 30 Mart 2012 tarihinde kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Bu yasa ile birlikte zorunlu e\u011fitim s\u00fcresinde de de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe gidilmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de zorunlu e\u011fitim \u00e7e\u015fitli reformlardan ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve sonunda 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda 12 y\u0131ll\u0131k zorunlu e\u011fitim sistemine ge\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir. 8 y\u0131ll\u0131k kesintisiz zorunlu e\u011fitim yerine, 12 y\u0131ll\u0131k zorunlu kademeli e\u011fitim sistemi getirilerek 12 y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcre \u00fc\u00e7 kademeye ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Birinci kademe 4 y\u0131l s\u00fcreli ilkokul, ikinci kademe 4 y\u0131l s\u00fcreli ortaokul ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc kademe 4 y\u0131l s\u00fcreli lise olarak d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    2009’da Katsay\u0131 Kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Y\u00d6K Genel Kurulu, 2010’da uygulanmaya ba\u015flayacak \u00fcniversiteye giri\u015f sisteminde de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe gitti. Y\u00d6K, 1998 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana uygulanan katsay\u0131 fark\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rd\u0131. 1998 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana meslek lisesi mezunlar\u0131 kendi alanlar\u0131ndan ba\u015fka b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri tercih ettiklerinde katsay\u0131lar\u0131 0.3’le \u00e7arp\u0131l\u0131yordu. Di\u011fer liselerde okuyanlar\u0131n katsay\u0131lar\u0131 ise 0.8’le \u00e7arp\u0131l\u0131yordu. Y\u00d6K’\u00fcn yeni ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 karara g\u00f6re, b\u00fct\u00fcn adaylar\u0131n katsay\u0131lar\u0131 0.15’le \u00e7arp\u0131lacak. B\u00f6ylece, meslek lisesi mezunlar\u0131 alanlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tercih ettikleri b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere y\u00f6neldiklerinde herhangi bir kay\u0131plar\u0131 olmayacak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u00d6SS S\u0131nav\u0131 Kald\u0131r\u0131larak \u0130ki A\u015famal\u0131 S\u0131nav Getirildi<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \u00d6SS ve \u00d6YS olarak iki basamakl\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen s\u0131nav, 1999 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren \u00d6SS ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda tek basamakl\u0131 hale getirildi. \u00dcniversiteye giri\u015fte 2010 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren iki a\u015famal\u0131 yeni bir sisteme ge\u00e7ildi. Buna g\u00f6re, Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretime Ge\u00e7i\u015f S\u0131nav\u0131 (YGS) ile adaylar\u0131n y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretime ge\u00e7i\u015f i\u00e7in yeterlili\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc. Adaylar\u0131n bu s\u0131navda ald\u0131klar\u0131 puan, nihai puanlar\u0131na y\u00fczde 40 etki etti. Lisans Yerle\u015ftirme S\u0131navlar\u0131 (LYS) ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ikinci a\u015famada ise a\u00e7\u0131k\u00f6\u011fretim d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00f6rg\u00fcn lisans programlar\u0131na yerle\u015ftirmede esas al\u0131nacak ba\u015far\u0131 puan\u0131 belirlendi. 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise YKS (Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Kurumlar\u0131 S\u0131nav\u0131) olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirildi. 3 a\u015famadan olu\u015fan s\u0131navda TYT (Temel Yeterlilik S\u0131nav\u0131), AYT (Alan Yeterlilik S\u0131nav\u0131) ve YDT (Yabanc\u0131 Dil Testi) b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    4+4+4 Sistemle Birlikte 12 Y\u0131ll\u0131k Zorunlu Kademeli E\u011fitime Ge\u00e7i\u015f Yap\u0131ld\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Yeni sistemde yap\u0131lan en b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fiklik, zorunlu e\u011fitim s\u00fcresini 12 y\u0131la \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zorunlu e\u011fitim \u00fc\u00e7 kademeden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r: \u0130lkokul, ortaokul ve lise. \u0130lkokul ve ortaokullar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z okullar kurulacakt\u0131r. Farkl\u0131 ya\u015f gruplar\u0131ndaki \u00e7ocuklar ayr\u0131 okullarda ve ayr\u0131 e\u011fitim ortamlar\u0131nda ders i\u015fleyecektir. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Fundomundo\u2019nun bu \u00f6zel yaz\u0131s\u0131 T\u00fcrk E\u011fitim Sistemindeki de\u011fi\u015fiklere de\u011finiyor. Uzman e\u011fitmenlerin haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 okula destek ve bire bir dersleri incelemeyi unutmay\u0131n. Haz\u0131rsan\u0131z, sistemde neler oldu\u011funu incelemeye ba\u015fl\u0131yoruz!\u00a0 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki E\u011fitim Sistemi Nas\u0131ld\u0131r?…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2964,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"powerkit_post_featured":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fundomundo.com\/kesfet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2963"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fundomundo.com\/kesfet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fundomundo.com\/kesfet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fundomundo.com\/kesfet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fundomundo.com\/kesfet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2963"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.fundomundo.com\/kesfet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2963\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2965,"href":"https:\/\/www.fundomundo.com\/kesfet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2963\/revisions\/2965"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fundomundo.com\/kesfet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2964"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fundomundo.com\/kesfet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2963"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fundomundo.com\/kesfet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2963"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fundomundo.com\/kesfet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2963"},{"taxonomy":"powerkit_post_featured","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fundomundo.com\/kesfet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/powerkit_post_featured?post=2963"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}